Sensitivity of Phytophthora infesstans Isolateds to Fungicides Metalaxyl and Ethaboxam in Korea

Kim, Byung Sup; Zhang, Xuan Zhe; Chung, Eun Kyoung; Kim, Dal Soo; Chun, Sam Jae; Choi, Woo Bong

The Plant Pathology Journal 2003;19(3):143-147.
Published online June 30, 2003.

Sensitivity of Phytophthora infesstans Isolateds to Fungicides Metalaxyl and Ethaboxam in Korea

Byung Sup Kim, Xuan Zhe Zhang, Eun Kyoung Chung, Dal Soo Kim, Sam Jae Chun, Woo Bong Choi

Abstract

Sensitivity of Phytophthora infestans isolates to fungicides metalaxyl and ethaboxam in Korea was examined with 260 isolates for 3 years (9 isolates in 2000, 93 isolates in 2001, and 158 isolates in 2002). Both A1 and A2 mating types were found from the isolates collected for 3 years. A1 mating type was dominant in the population with 8 isolates (88.9%) in 2000, 84 isolates (89.4%) in 2001, and 138 isolates (87.3%) in 2002. Only some isolates from diseased tomatoes in Buyergun and diseased potatoes in Pyeongchanggun were of the A2 mating type. As for metalaxyl sensitivity, 77.0% of the isolates were moderately resistant with 8 isolates (88.9%) in 2000, 73 isolates (77.7%) in 2001, and 120 isolates (75.9%) in 2002. Meanwhile, those found resistant were 1 isolate (11.1%) in 2000, 16 isolates (17.0%) in 2001, and 33 isolates (20.9%) in 2002. Only 5 isolates (3.2%) were sensitive to metalaxyl in 2002. There was no significant difference in the sensitivity among years. As for ethaboxam, no isolate was able to grow at 5.0 mg/ml, and only four isolates (1.5%) grew at 1.0 mg/ml with heavy retardation compared with the untreated control. Based on these 3-year results, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ethaboxam to P. infestans was determined to be 0.2-1.0 mg/ml. Results indicate that resistance development by P. infestans to ethaboxam is not likely to occur in the natural condition. Furthermore, there was no indication of cross resistance between metalaxyl and ethaboxam because all the isolates, regardless of classification for their sensitivity to metalaxyl, were not able to grow at 5.0 mg/ml of ethaboxam.

Key Words: ethaboxam, cross resistance, metalaxyl, mating type, Phytophthora infestans, resistance